Continuing Fallout Over the Chihuahua Case

The recent deaths of two American officials in Mexico have set in motion an objection over U.S. intervention and a potential conflict between the first female President of Mexico and the first female Governor of the state of Chihuahua.

State of Chihuahua in red. Source: TUBS

As related in a previous article Untimely Deaths of Mexican and U.S. Officials Raises Question of U.S. Intervention for President Sheinbaum, 2 Mexican officials and 2 American officials were killed while returning from an anti-cartel operation. As a result, President Claudia Sheinbaum said that, as reported by the Associated Press, “she would demand explanations over what U.S. and Mexican officials were doing in northern Chihuahua when they died in an accident over the weekend, noting that any joint collaborations between the local government and the U.S. without federal permission would be a violation of Mexican law.”

As it turned out, the two U.S. officials were subsequently reported to be CIA agents.

From The Guardian: “Claudia Sheinbaum, Mexico’s president, said on Monday [April 27] that her government told the United States, in a diplomatic note, that the unauthorized presence of US officials at an anti-narcotics operation in the northern state of Chihuahua should not be repeated. The incident came to light after two US officials, along with two Mexican officials, were killed in a car crash on 19 April after the operation. Sheinbaum has said the federal government was not aware of the participation of the US officials, who were widely reported to be CIA officers.”  

“ ‘What we told [the US] was that the federal government didn’t know about the involvement of these people [in the operation] and we hope that it’s an exception,’ Sheinbaum said in her daily morning press conference.”

“Mexico requested that ‘from now on, as has been done, our constitution and national security law should be followed’, Sheinbaum added, saying that the US had indicated its agreement.”

Also on April 27th, the Chihuahua state attorney general resigned.

From the New York Times: “Amid the fallout, the Chihuahua state attorney general, César Jáuregui Moreno, resigned Monday (April 27), citing ‘omissions’ and ‘inconsistencies’ from his staff that he said failed to inform him that U.S. personnel were present during the drug raid operation that led to the seizure of six drug laboratories.”

Furthermore, it has also been reported that there were 4 foreigners, not just 2, at the operation. A Chihuahua official says however that the 4 foreigners accompanied the operation but did not participate tactically.

There’s a political complication here. The governor of Chihuahua state, the first woman governor of that state, is Maria Eugenia Campos Galvan, known more commonly as Maru Campos. She is a member of the PAN opposition party.

Chihuahua Governor Maru Campos. Source: flickr.com

Governor Campos has said that she was unaware of a field operation in her state involving Americans.

The PAN, her political party, supports her.

From La Silla Rota: “The National Action Party (PAN) rallied behind Chihuahua Governor María Eugenia Campos Galván following the controversy generated by the alleged participation of U.S. agents in the dismantling of a drug tunnel in the state. In a statement, the party backed the governor’s position and said it would prioritize providing information to the appropriate authorities before appearing before other bodies…In its statement, the party accused the federal government and Morena of politically exploiting the case instead of recognizing the blow dealt to organized crime. It also criticized Morena governors by mentioning allegations against Rubén Rocha Moya of Sinaloa, Marina del Pilar Ávila of Baja California, and Américo Villarreal of Tamaulipas, while arguing that ‘Morena is not concerned about sovereignty; what bothers them is the blow against organized crime.’ ”

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“The Gardener” Captured by Mexican Navy Special Forces

A major leader of the CJNG cartel has been captured by Mexican Navy Special Forces, in the state of Nayarit.

Nayarit in red. Source: TUBS

From the Associated Press: “The powerful Jalisco New Generation Cartel (CJNG) suffered a new blow on Monday [April 27th] with the arrest in northwestern Mexico of Audias Flores Silva, “El Jardinero” (The Gardener), who was identified as one of the organization’s leaders and for whom the United States was offering a $5 million reward.”

Look at the map above, I wouldn’t consider Nayarit as “northwestern Mexico”.

Here’s a U.S. government wanted poster for The Gardener:

Source: U.S. State Department

“Flores Silva’s capture comes two months after the military operation in which the cartel’s leader, Nemesio Oseguera Cervantes, “El Mencho,” was killed in the state of Jalisco.” [For information on the El Mencho case, click here and here.]

“The drug lord [Flores Silva] was arrested in the state of Nayarit during an operation carried out by special forces from Mexico’s Secretariat of the Navy (SEMAR), Federal Security Secretary Omar García Harfuch said on his X account.” [See Cabinet Profile of Garcia Harfuch here.]

The AP provides some background info on the Gardener: “Flores Silva is originally from the western town of Huetamo, in the state of Michoacán. According to local media, he served as Oseguera Cervantes’ security chief and later took over part of the CJNG’s operations in the states of Nayarit, Jalisco, Zacatecas, Michoacán, and Guerrero, where he controlled several methamphetamine labs and oversaw the operation of various aircraft and clandestine airstrips for drug trafficking.”

The Gardener’s capture sparked off violent response from the cartel.

From Anadolu Ajansı : “Following Flores Silva’s capture, local media reported burnings of vehicles and businesses in Nayarit and Jalisco, recognized strongholds of the CJNG. Violence was reported in at least six municipalities, where authorities have advised citizens to remain in their homes. No injuries have been reported so far.”

The same source provides some more information about the operation: “According to a joint statement issued by the Mexican Navy, the Secretariat of Security and the Attorney General’s Office, Flores Silva was detained while attempting to escape through a drainage pipe at his safe house in Nayarit, a coastal state in western Mexico.”

“Mexican security agencies supported by intelligence from US agencies monitored his movements for 19 months before cornering him in the small community of El Mirador.”

“Despite Flores Silva having a security circle of 60 people and 30 vehicles, Mexican forces managed to capture him without bloodshed, according to reports.”

“ ‘The operation was carried out with surgical precision, without the need to fire a single shot, with no fatalities, injuries, or collateral damage,’ a statement said.”

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President Sheinbaum Comments on Latest Attempt to Assassinate Trump, Sends Respect

Soon after the latest assassination attempt on President Trump, Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum sent outthis tweet on Twitter X: “It’s good that President Trump and his wife are doing well after the recent events. We send him our respect. Violence should never be the way.”

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A Green Iguana in Morelos State

Here’s a photo from the iNaturalistMX website of the Iguana Verde (Iguana iguana), known in English as the Green Iguana, which is not always green. It’s often simply called an iguana. But this one has some green:

Iguana Verde (Iguana iguana). Source: iNaturalistMX

The photo was taken April 18th, 2026, in the state of Morelos. The photographer was Martin Sanchez.

State of Morelos in red. Source: TUBS

Here is the range of Iguana iguana:

Iguana iguana native range in green, introduced ranges in red. Source: Marcos Rodriguez Bobadilla

Its native wild range goes from Mexico to South America, but now the species has been introduced to other areas, including in Asia.

The Green Iguana is kept by many as an exotic pet and is the most globally-traded reptile.

Iguana meat is eaten and has been for centuries, being mentioned by Bernardino de Sahagun in the 1500s.

Wall of Voodoo’s 1982 hit Mexican Radio contains the memorable line “I wish I was in Tijuana, eating barbecued iguana”. You can watch and listen here:
https://www.youtube.com/embed/eyCEexG9xjw?si=0prBDp46Wat7PWh_ .

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On April 20th, Disturbed Young Man Carries Out Shooting on Teotihuacan’s Pyramid of the Moon

The Teotihuacan complex northeast of Mexico City is a spectacular archaeological site which I have visited thrice.

The Mesoamerican city was at its height in the first half of the first millenium A.D., long predating the arrival of the Aztecs to the area.

The sprawling Teotihuacan ruins are a major tourist destination in Mexico.

Its two largest structures are the Pyramid of the Sun and the Pyramid of the Moon.

Pyramid of the Moon (top), Pyramid of the Sun (lower left). Source: Cool Places, Youtube

On April 20th, 2026, the Pyramid of the Moon was the site of a shooting in which a gunman took hostages and shot several of them, killing one. After being shot at by authorities, the gunman shot himself and died.

A Canadian woman was shot and killed by the gunman. Others were wounded, either by being shot or falling. Thirteen foreign tourists were taken to the hospital: 6 Americans, 3 Colombians, 2 Brazilians, 1 Russian and 1 Canadian. Their ages ranged from 6 to 61.

Were foreigners being targeted? Not necessarily, as Teotihuacan is a tourist site visited by many foreigners.

The gunman was Julio Cesar Jasso Ramirez, a 27-year old Mexican of Mexico City.

Jasso’s Voter ID card. Source: New York Post

What was/were Jasso’s motive/motives ? What is known thus far?

Jasso was obsessed with school shootings,and apparently was a Hitler fan. (Being a Hitler fan is not unknown in Mexico).

Note the day of the shooting – April 20th. The 20th of April is both the anniversary of the school shooting in Colombine, Colorado in 1999 and the birthday of Adolph Hitler in 1889.

Jasso had an AI image of himself with Columbine school shooters Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold.

AI Image of Jasso (right) with Columbine shooters. Source: The Sun

Jasso seemed to link his crime to the Mesoamerican tradition of human sacrifice, yelling “Don’t move or I’ll sacrifice you” and ranting “This was built for sacrifices…Not for visiting and taking a f–king, s—ty photo.”

In some notes Jasso had written he claimed to was inspired from beyond Earth.

Probably the disturbed gunman was driven by several motives.

Jasso carried out the shootings with a handgun. While Mexico has some strict gun laws, any Mexican who wants to acquire a firearm seems to be able to do so.

Here is a graphic from Milenio about the attack:

Diagram of central part of Teotihuacan, Pyramid of the Moon, State of Mexico, the attacker.
From Milenio

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Untimely Deaths of Mexican and U.S. Officials Raises Question of U.S. Intervention for President Sheinbaum

The recent deaths of two Mexican officials and two American officials raise questions for President Sheinbaum about U.S. activity in Mexico.

From the Associated Press:  “Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum said Monday [April 20th] she would demand explanations over what U.S. and Mexican officials were doing in northern Chihuahua when they died in an accident over the weekend, noting that any joint collaborations between the local government and the U.S. without federal permission would be a violation of Mexican law.”

The article says “northern Chihuahua” but for reasons I explain later that’s an error, it should be “southern Chihuahua”.

State of Chihuahua in red. Source: TUBS

“The crash, following an operation to destroy a clandestine drug lab in a rural area, has reignited a debate over the extent of U.S. involvement in Mexican security operations. Speculation was only fueled by Sheinbaum, local officials and the U.S. Embassy appearing to contradict each other and at times themselves, and offering sparse details about the U.S. officials who died.”

“ ‘It was not an operation that the security cabinet was aware of,’ Sheinbaum told journalists. ‘We were not informed; it was a decision by the Chihuahua government.’ ”

“It comes at a key moment for the relationship between the two neighboring nations as Mexico faces escalating pressure from U.S. President Donald Trump crack down on cartels and Sheinbaum underscores Mexico’s sovereignty.”

“Sheinbaum said her government would investigate the incident to ensure no laws were broke [sic, should be ‘broken’] after the deaths on Sunday [April 19th], adding that state governments must have authorization from Mexico’s federal government to collaborate with U.S. and other foreign entities ‘as established by the Constitution.’ ”

How did these deaths occurr?

“Chihuahua Attorney General César Jáuregui said Sunday [April 19th] the officials died while returning from the operation to destroy labs of criminal groups. They were driving in the middle of the night through rugged mountain territory connecting Chihuahua to the state of Sinaloa, when the truck ‘appears to have skidded at some point and fell into a ravine,
exploding.’ ”

“He said the four who died were two local Mexican investigative officials and two U.S. Embassy instructors who were participating in routine ‘training work.’ ”

“The U.S. Embassy on Monday [April 20th] declined to identify who the U.S. officials were or which entity of the U.S. government they worked for, but said the officials were ‘supporting Chihuahua state authorities’ efforts to combat cartel operations.’ U.S. Ambassador Ronald Johnson expressed his condolences on social media but he and other officials provided few details of the incident.”

“Jáuregui said that the operation came following months of investigation by state prosecutors and Mexico’s federal military, indicating there was at least some level of involvement in the operation from Sheinbaum’s security forces. Hours later, the Mexican Security Cabinet confirmed that the army and state prosecutor’s office carried out a joint operation over the weekend in Chihuahua dismantling drug labs in the same location, Morelos.”

The first paragraph said the operation was in northern Chihuahua, but Morelos is located in southern Chihuahua in the region bordering Sinaloa. Northern Chihuahua doesn’t border Sinaloa. So that first paragraph should say “southern Chihuahua”.

“After locating the labs using drones, officials found tons of material to manufacture drugs but no people, who were likely alerted beforehand and fled, the prosecutor added.”

“The local official later backtracked and clarified to press that there ‘were no U.S. agents in the operation to secure the narco-lab,’ and said the embassy officials joined the group after the operation and were several hours away from where the action took place.”

President Sheinbaum had more to say.

“Sheinbaum said her government would provide more information when it has more details, but insisted Monday [April 20th] that ‘there are no joint operations on land or in the air’ in Mexico. She said there is only sharing of information between her government and the U.S., carried out within a ‘well-established’ legal framework.”

“While U.S. officials’ training of Mexican security forces is common, their presence on Mexican territory has been the subject of ongoing debate, which has intensified after Trump’s military actions in Venezuela and Iran.”

“Trump has repeatedly offered to take action on Mexican cartels, intervention which Sheinbaum has said was ‘unnecessary.’ The Trump administration has already launched joint military operations in Ecuador, a country that has been roiled by violence by drug gangs in recent years.”

“Last year, Sheinbaum said the U.S. had conducted surveillance drone flights at Mexico’s request after a series of conflicting public statements on the issue, also sparking alarm among observers.”

“The most recent controversy surfaced in January over the detention in Mexico of former Canadian athlete Ryan Wedding, one of the United States’ most wanted fugitives. While Mexican officials claim he surrendered at the U.S. Embassy, U.S. authorities have described his capture as the result of a binational operation.”

See So How was Ryan Wedding Actually Taken Into Custody?

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Roberto Velasco Replaces Juan Ramon de la Fuente as Mexican Foreign Minister

The Mexican foreign ministry is the SRE, the Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores, the Secretariat of Foreign Relations.

Source: Government of Mexico

The Mexican Foreign Secretary, or Foreign Minister, equivalent to U.S. Secretary of State, is commonly referred to as Canciller (Chancellor).

Until this month, the Mexican Foreign Minister was Juan Ramon de la Fuente. Due to health reasons, De La Fuente stepped down. On April 1st, 2026, President Claudia Sheinbaum nominated his replacement, Roberto Velasco Alvarez, who was ratified by the Senate on April 8th.

Roberto Velasco is 38 years old, born in 1987 in Mexico City. Velasco earned his law degree at the UNAM, the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (National Autonomous University of Mexico).

After that, Velasco earned his MPP (Master of Public Policy) at the University of Chicago. While studying in Chicago, Velasco was editor-in-chief of the Chicago Policy Review.

Since 2020, Velasco has coordinated North America policy at the SRE. Velasco is also the first openly homosexual Mexican cabinet minister.

Roberto Velasco. Source:Omarwonca

Here is Juan Ramon de la Fuente passing the torch to Roberto Velasco on April 1st.

Source: Government of Mexico

On April 8th, Velasco was officially ratified by the Mexican Senate, with 81 votes in favor and 31 against.

On April 9th Velasco delivered an address to the SRE department.

Canciller Velasco said that “Foreign Policy is, in its essence, the external expression of a national project. Our task is not limited in representation, we must transform. To translate diplomacy into prosperity for the people of Mexico, in effective protection for those who are far from home, and in tangible opportunities for the development of our country.” [my translation]

Here are photos of Velasco speaking and of his audience at the SRE:

Source: Government of Mexico
Source: Government of Mexico
Source: Government of Mexico

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How Much Does Mexico Depend on Remittances From the U.S.A.?

How much does Mexico depend on remittances from the United States?

The U.S. (in red), Mexico (in blue). Source: Olathe Schools

Remittances are funds sent by people from Country A working in Country B. They are sent back to families in Country A. Many countries have grown to depend on remittances.

Mexicans working in the United States send remittances to their families in Mexico, not to the Mexican government. The family members spend the money in Mexico, so it does contribute to the Mexican economy.

Visual Capitalist has released a list of countries. It shows the percentage of each countries’ GDP (gross domestic product) contributed by remittances in 2024. See here.

In 2024, Mexico received over 60 billion dollars in remittances. Most of the remittance money was sent from Mexicans working in the U.S. That’s a lot of money, but since Mexico has a big economy, the remittance total was a small percentage of Mexico’s overall GDP (gross domestic product).

In 2024, 3.64% of Mexico’s GDP came from remittances.

If all the remittances dried up, it would decrease the size of the Mexican economy, but the economy wouldn’t collapse.

Furthermore, since 2024 the amount of remittances sent to Mexico have decreased.

U.S.-Mexican trade is a big sector of the Mexican economy, which is why President Sheinbaum wants to keep U.S. tariffs on Mexican products as low as possible.

But as for the remittances, they don’t form a very big percentage of the Mexican economy.

In Central America, however, it’s another story. Large percentages of some of their economies come from remittances.

Central America. Source: Google

In the case of Nicaragua, 26.64% of its GDP derives from remittances. For Honduras it’s 25.7%. In El Salvador it’s 24%. For Guatemala it’s 19.12%.

That means that for Nicaragua, Honduras and El Salvador, each country owes about a quarter of its GDP to remittances. For Guatemala it’s about a fifth.

For Belize it’s 4.81%, higher than Mexico but not that much higher.

For Costa Rica it’s only 0.76% and it’s 0.61% for Panama, both much lower than Mexico.

The country with the highest such percentage in the world is the Central Asian former Soviet nation of Tajikistan, with a whopping 47.89%. If remittances rapidly ceased, Tajikistan’s economy would collapse.

Tajikistan. United Nations

According to Iswardi Ishak of Visual Capitalist, “Remittance dependence is highest in smaller or lower-income economies where a significant share of the workforce migrates abroad. The money sent home supports household spending, education, housing, and basic consumption, giving remittances an outsized role in the domestic economy.”

On the other hand, “This reliance can be a double-edged sword. While remittances are often more stable than foreign investment during downturns, countries that depend on them are more exposed to changes in host-country labor markets, migration policy, and transfer costs.”

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La Pascua in Mexico

The crucifixion, burial and resurrection of Jesus Christ are foundational to the Christian faith. That’s why the major branches of Christendom memorialize – in various ways – the death, burial and resurrection of Christ each spring . In the English language this observance is called “Easter”, in the Spanish language it is La Pascua.

Mexico has a variety of traditional Pascua customs, many of them deriving from Spain, with a diversity of  traditions linked to particular regions and cities.

Semana Santa  (Holy Week)  begins on Domingo de Ramos (Palm Sunday) , the day of Christ’s Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem.  The Last Supper was held on Jueves Santo (Maundy Thursday). Viernes Santo (Good Friday) commemorates the day of Christ’s crucifixion.   Sábado de Gloria (Holy Saturday) memorializes  the full day Christ was in the tomb. Domingo de Pascua (Easter Sunday) celebrates the Resurrection of Christ.

Schools in Mexico get a two-week vacation, the week preceding and the week following Easter Sunday.

Mexican School Calendar, 2025-2026.
Source: Mexican Government

In some cities there is a Procesión de Silencio, a silent procession, wherein the people march down the street by candlelight, in silence. This custom is from the Spanish city of  Sevilla, famous for Semana Santa observances.

Procesión de Silencio of Morelia, 2023. Source: cbdigital

My wife and I attended a Procesión de Silencio in Morelia one year and it was truly impressive. Both the marchers and the audience were totally silent.

The “burning of Judas” is practiced on Sábado de Gloria, in which effigies of Judas (with firecrackers inside!) are burnt.  The Judas effigy is often in the form of a contemporary person, frequently an unpopular politician.

Here’s a photo of a “Judas” hanged in effigy in early 1900s Mexico City. It looks like the kids are having a great time. I assume they eventually got around to burning the effigy.

Source: Library of Congress

A Passion Play is a dramatic representation of the crucifixion of Christ.

The most famous Passion Play in Mexico is in the Mexico City borough of Ixtapalapa.  It has been performed since Ixtapalapa survived a cholera outbreak in 1833.

The Ixtapalapa Passion Play is a true community endeavour, organized and carried out annually by the locals and sponsored by the secular Iztapalapa government.

The drama includes 5,000 participants, 150 with speaking roles, and draws 2.5 to 4 million spectators.

All the pageant’s actors must have been born in Iztapalapa.  Whoever portrays Christ is selected  on the basis of both good moral character and physical strength. The actor  wears an actual crown of thorns, is flogged, and bears a 200 pound cross through the streets for two and a half miles, and up a hill before being “crucified” (tied to the cross, not nailed).  

Ixtapalapa Passion Play. Source: Mexico News Daily

The Ixtapalapa Passion Play is truly a sight to behold.  When a reporter asked a local man about it, he replied . “We pray, we cry, as if all this is real. We know it is not. But yet …maybe we come because we are all sinners. Maybe somehow it helps us make fewer sins in our lives…Maybe, just maybe, people are better because of it.”

¡Felices Pascuas de Resurrección!

Source: zbolotnova

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CIIT, the Interoceanic Corridor of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec

The Isthmus of Tehuantepec, located in the Mexican states of Veracruz and Oaxaca, is the narrowest part of Mexico. It is also the narrowest land area located between the Gulf of Mexico (on its north) and the Pacific Ocean (on its south).

Isthmus of Tehuantepec in orange. Source: Encyclopædia Britannica

At its narrowest point, the isthmus is 125 miles long.

The Mexican government is currently involved in a major project to increase the use of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec for the shipment of cargo.

It’s called the Corredor Interoceánico del Istmo de Tehuantepec (CIIT), the Interoceanic Corridor of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. It’s under the authority of the Mexican Navy.

There’s already a railway across the isthmus, which has been there for over a century. As part of the project, the railway is being modernized. The project also includes highways and industrial parks along the railway.

The seaports of Coatzacoalcos (on the Gulf of Mexico) and Salina Cruz (on the Pacific) are being modernized and expanded.

The goal is to move containers overland from port to port, across the isthmus, in under six hours.

Interoceanic Corridor of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Source: Breakbulk

The CIIT is being promoted as a rival to the Panama Canal and it’s supposed to be completed by June of this year, 2026.

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